The Sorraia River Basin is one of the largest agricultural and irrigated regions in Portugal and is increasingly affected by hydrological stress resulting from climate change, river flow regulation, and elevated nutrient pressures linked to intensive land use. Within this basin, the Maranhão Reservoir represents a highly regulated water system facing significant sedimentation challenges, which have led to a progressive reduction in water storage capacity and increasing environmental impacts associated with sediment accumulation. Together, this case study provides a robust framework for hydrological and sediment-related analyses, supporting model calibration and field validation activities, sediment fingerprinting, detailed topographic surveys, and the evaluation of future management and climate scenarios.
